Sistema de qualificação de trabalho para trades e mão-de-obra profissional

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Manual X 118C Sistema de Qualificação do Trabalho para Profissões e Ocupações Laborais.
Manual X 118C Sistema de Qualificação do Trabalho para Profissões e Ocupações Laborais.
A colocação de emprego tem sido muito boa para o Mecanismo de Controle Industrial Eletrônico Bremerton, Sistema de Qualificação de Trabalho da WA para Profissões e Profissões Laborais (X118C). Milhares dos melhores trabalhos de Mecânica do Ar Condicionado perto do trabalho de Mcp Hahnemann University Pennsylvania podem ser encontrados agora! O Recrutador de faculdade é o conselho de trabalho líder para o Sistema de Qualificação do Trabalho para Profissões e Ocupações Laborais (X118C. Sistema de Qualificação para Profissões e Ocupações Laborais (X Os candidatos serão classificados de acordo com o Manual Padrão de Qualificação OPM X118C. Dia do Trabalho Seg, 5 de setembro 11 e O Manual de X118C, Sistema de Qualificação de Trabalho para Professores e Professores do Trabalho, contém padrões de qualificação para ocupações. Pesquisa Nível de entrada Empregos governamentais, sem experiência Empregos governamentais, sistema de qualificação de trabalho para profissionais e profissões trabalhistas (X. PROGRAMA DE PROMOÇÃO DE MÉRITO RECURSOS HUMANOS CIVILES Sistema de qualificação para Profissões e Ocupação do Trabalho (X com o Manual do Padrão de Qualificação OPM X118C. Trabalhos de Sistemas de Utilidade Padrões para Profissões e Ocupações Laborais, x118c, de acordo com o Manual Padrão de Qualificação OPM X118C. Resumo do Trabalho: Sobre o Embora um período específico de tempo e experiência não seja necessário para a maioria das ocupações comerciais e trabalhistas, requisitos de qualificação. s Top 5 Empregos do Office Of Personal Staff em U. Sistema de Qualificação do Trabalho do Pessoal de Escritório de Pessoal e Ocupação do Trabalho, X118C Os 5 melhores empregos do Office Of Personal Staff Management em O Fallon, IL. Aproveite sua rede profissional e seja contratado. Trabalhos no Novo Escritório de Gestão de Pessoal. O padrão de qualificação para esta posição é encontrado nos Sistemas de Qualificação do Trabalho para Profissões e Ocupações Laborais (Manual X118C Trades and Labor). Qualificações por sistema de qualificação OPM para comércio e trabalho Este trabalho. Seu trabalho perfeito de Artesanato está aqui! Encontre esse trabalho de Artesanato especializado em Oak Harbor com o Departamento de Trabalhadores de Manutenção de Motor de busca do Livecareer: Agência do Departamento do Interior: Número de Anúncio de Emprego do Serviço de Parque Nacional: MWRO10OC0134 GAMA DE SALÁRIO: 19. Requisitos de qualificação enfatizam o Sistema de Qualificação de Empregos para Profissões e Profissões Laborais (X118C) Análise de trabalho Quirin (4) Manual de Operação de Análise de Trabalho para Padrões de Qualificação 2. Manual de Profissões e Trabalhos Laborais X118C Sistema de Qualificação de Trabalho 15. Requisitos de qualificação em destaque Este trabalho possui um elemento de exclusão que será usado Sistema de Qualificação de Trabalho para Operações e Trabalho Ocupações (X118C). Manual OPM X118, Padrões de Qualificação para Posições de acordo com o Manual Geral de OPH X118C, Padrões de Qualificação de Trabalho para Negócios e Trabalho. Bem-vindo ao portal de empregos da SVAs, Embora um tempo específico e experiência não sejam necessários para a maioria do comércio e trabalho ocupações, Qualificação. Este trabalho possui um elemento de exibição que será Job Qualifi sistema para profissões e profissões trabalhistas (X. Empregos Construção Trabalhista em Lemoore, CA. Encontre sua próxima oportunidade em Simply Hired. Instalar sistemas de aeronaves Todas as qualificações devem ser necessárias. Embora um período específico de tempo e experiência não seja necessário para a maioria das ocupações comerciais e trabalhistas. Resumo do Resumo do Trabalho (OPM) Sistema de Qualificação do Trabalho para Profissões e Profissões Laborais (X118C).
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Gerentes de construção.
O que os gerentes de construção fazem.
Gerentes de construção planejam, coordenam, orçamentam e supervisionam projetos de construção do início ao fim.
Ambiente de trabalho.
Muitos gerentes de construção têm um escritório principal, mas passam a maior parte do tempo trabalhando em um escritório de campo em um local de construção, onde monitoram o projeto e tomam decisões diárias sobre atividades de construção. A necessidade de cumprir os prazos e responder a emergências muitas vezes exige que os gerentes de construção trabalhem muitas horas.
Como se tornar um gerente de construção.
Os gerentes de construção geralmente devem ter um diploma de bacharel e aprender técnicas de gerenciamento através do treinamento no local de trabalho. As grandes empresas de construção preferem cada vez mais candidatos com experiência em construção e um diploma de bacharel em um campo relacionado à construção.
O salário médio anual para gerentes de construção foi de US $ 89.300 em maio de 2016.
Job Outlook.
O emprego de gerentes de construção deverá crescer 11% entre 2016 e 2026, mais rápido do que a média para todas as profissões. Espera-se que os gerentes de construção sejam necessários para supervisionar o aumento antecipado da atividade de construção na próxima década. Aqueles com um diploma de bacharel em ciência da construção, gerenciamento de construção ou engenharia civil, juntamente com a experiência de construção, terão as melhores perspectivas de emprego.
Dados de estado e área.
Explore recursos para emprego e salários por estado e área para gerentes de construção.
Ocupações similares.
Compare os deveres do trabalho, educação, crescimento do emprego e remuneração dos gerentes de construção com ocupações similares.
Mais informações, incluindo links para o * NET.
Saiba mais sobre os gerentes de construção visitando recursos adicionais, incluindo O * NET, uma fonte sobre características-chave de trabalhadores e ocupações.
O que gerentes de construção fazem sobre esta seção.
Gerentes de construção planejam, coordenam, orçamentam e supervisionam projetos de construção do início ao fim.
Os gerentes de construção geralmente fazem o seguinte:
Preparar estimativas de custos, orçamentos e horários de trabalho Interpretar e explicar contratos e informações técnicas para outros profissionais Informar o progresso do trabalho e o orçamento interessa aos clientes Colaborar com arquitetos, engenheiros e outros especialistas em construção Selecionar subcontratados e agendar e coordenar suas atividades Responda aos atrasos de trabalho, emergências e outros problemas Cumprir os requisitos legais, os códigos de construção e segurança e outros regulamentos.
Os gerentes de construção, muitas vezes chamados de empreiteiros gerais ou gerentes de projetos, coordenam e supervisionam uma grande variedade de projetos, incluindo a construção de todos os tipos de estruturas públicas, residenciais, comerciais e industriais, bem como estradas, memorials e pontes. Ou um empreiteiro geral ou um gerente de construção supervisiona a fase de construção de um projeto, mas um gerente de construção também pode consultar o cliente durante a fase de projeto para ajudar a refinar os planos de construção e os custos de controle.
Gerentes de construção supervisionam empreiteiros especializados e outros funcionários. Eles agendam e coordenam todos os processos de construção para que os projetos atinjam as especificações de projeto. Eles asseguram que os projetos sejam concluídos no tempo e dentro do orçamento. Alguns gerentes de construção podem ser responsáveis ​​por vários projetos ao mesmo tempo - por exemplo, a construção de vários edifícios de apartamentos.
Os gerentes de construção trabalham em estreita colaboração com outros especialistas em construção, como arquitetos, engenheiros civis e uma variedade de trabalhadores comerciais, incluindo pedreiros, eletricistas e carpinteiros. Os projetos podem exigir especialistas em tudo, desde aço estrutural e pintura até paisagismo, pavimentação de estradas e locais de escavação. Dependendo do projeto, os gerentes de construção podem interagir com advogados e funcionários do governo local. Por exemplo, ao trabalhar em edifícios urbanos ou municipais, os gerentes de construção às vezes confiam com os inspetores da cidade para garantir que todos os regulamentos sejam atendidos.
Para projetos muito grandes para serem administrados por uma pessoa, como edifícios de escritórios e complexos industriais, um gerente de construção de alto nível contrata outros gerentes de construção para se encarregar de diferentes aspectos do projeto. Por exemplo, cada gerente de construção supervisionaria uma fase específica do projeto, como fundação estrutural, encanamento ou trabalho elétrico, e escolha subcontratados para concluí-lo. O gerente de construção de alto nível então colaboraria e coordenaria com os outros gerentes de construção.
Para maximizar a eficiência e a produtividade, os gerentes de construção geralmente realizam as tarefas de um estimador de custo. Eles usam software especializado de estimativa de custos e planejamento para mostrar como alocar tempo e dinheiro para completar seus projetos. Muitos gerentes de construção também usam software para planejar a melhor maneira de obter materiais para o site de construção.
Ambiente de trabalho Sobre esta seção.
Os gerentes de construção ocuparam cerca de 403.800 empregos em 2016. Os maiores empregadores de gerentes de construção eram os seguintes:
Muitos gerentes de construção têm um escritório principal, mas passam a maior parte do tempo trabalhando em um escritório de campo no local de construção, onde monitoram o projeto e tomam decisões diárias sobre atividades de construção. Para aqueles que gerenciam vários projetos, é necessária uma viagem freqüente entre sites.
Horários de trabalho.
A maioria dos gerentes de construção trabalha em tempo integral. No entanto, a necessidade de cumprir os prazos e responder a atrasos e emergências muitas vezes exige que os gerentes de construção trabalhem muitas horas adicionais. Muitos gerentes de construção também podem estar ligados as 24 horas do dia. Cerca de 1 em cada 3 gerentes de construção trabalharam mais de 40 horas por semana em 2016.
Como se tornar um gerente de construção sobre esta seção.
Os gerentes de construção geralmente devem ter um diploma de bacharel e aprender técnicas de gerenciamento através do treinamento no local de trabalho. As grandes empresas de construção preferem cada vez mais candidatos com experiência em construção e um diploma de bacharel em um campo relacionado à construção. Embora alguns indivíduos com um diploma do ensino médio e muitos anos de experiência em um comércio de construção possam ser contratados como gerentes de construção, esses indivíduos são normalmente qualificados para se tornar empreiteiros gerais independentes.
Embora existam várias maneiras de entrar nesta ocupação, está se tornando cada vez mais importante para os gerentes de construção ter um diploma de bacharel em ciência da construção, gerenciamento de construção, arquitetura ou engenharia. À medida que os processos de construção se tornam mais complexos, os empregadores estão atribuindo maior importância à educação especializada.
Mais de 100 faculdades e universidades oferecem programas credenciados de licenciatura em ciência da construção, construção de ciência ou engenharia de construção. Estes programas incluem cursos de controle e gerenciamento de projetos, design, métodos e materiais de construção, estimativa de custos, códigos e padrões de construção e administração de contratos. Cursos em matemática e estatística também são relevantes.
Mais de cinquenta faculdades de 2 anos oferecem programas de gerenciamento de construção ou tecnologia de construção. Um diploma associado combinado com a experiência de trabalho é típico para gerentes que supervisionam projetos menores.
Algumas universidades oferecem programas de mestrado em gerenciamento de construção.
Os candidatos a emprego com um diploma do ensino médio e vários anos de experiência de trabalho relevante podem se qualificar para se tornar um gerente de construção, embora a maioria seja qualificada para se tornar empreiteira geral independente.
Gerentes de construção nova geralmente são contratados como assistentes e trabalham sob a orientação de um gerente experiente. Este período de treinamento pode durar vários meses até vários anos, dependendo da empresa.
Experiência profissional em uma ocupação relacionada.
Se a educação típica não for obtida, a experiência de construção prática é importante para os candidatos a emprego, porque reduz a necessidade de treinamento inicial no local de trabalho. Estágios, programas de educação cooperativa e trabalhos anteriores no setor da construção podem fornecer essa experiência. Alguns gerentes de construção se qualificam exclusivamente através de uma extensa experiência em construção, passando muitos anos em carpintaria, alvenaria ou outras especialidades de construção.
Licenças, Certificações e Inscrições.
Embora não seja necessário, a certificação é valiosa porque pode demonstrar que uma pessoa ganhou conhecimento e experiência.
A Associação de Gestão da Construção da América atribui a designação do Gerente de Construção Certificado (CCM) aos trabalhadores que possuem a experiência requerida e que aprovam um exame técnico. Recomenda-se que os candidatos a esta certificação completem um curso de auto-estudo que cubra o papel profissional de um gerente de construção, questões legais, alocação de risco e outros tópicos relacionados ao gerenciamento de construção.
O Instituto Americano de Construtores premia as designações do Construtor Associado (AC) e do Construtor Certificado Profissional (CPC) aos candidatos que atendem aos requisitos e aprovam os exames de construção adequados.
Alguns estados exigem licenciamento para gerentes de construção. Para obter mais informações, entre em contato com o seu conselho de licenciamento estadual.
Qualidades importantes.
Habilidades analíticas. Os gerentes de construção planejam estratégias de projetos, lidam com problemas e atrasos inesperados e resolvem problemas que surgem ao longo do projeto. Além disso, muitos gerentes utilizam o programa de estimativa de custos e planejamento para determinar custos e materiais e tempo necessários para concluir os projetos.
Habilidades de negócio. Os gerentes de construção abordam questões orçamentárias e coordenam e supervisionam os trabalhadores. Escolher pessoal competente e estabelecer boas relações de trabalho com eles é fundamental.
Habilidades de atendimento ao cliente. Os gerentes de construção estão em contato constante com proprietários, inspetores e o público. Eles devem formar boas relações de trabalho com essas pessoas e garantir que suas necessidades sejam atendidas.
Competências de tomada de decisão. Os gerentes de construção escolhem pessoal e subcontratados para tarefas específicas e empregos. Muitas vezes, essas escolhas devem ser feitas rapidamente para cumprir prazos e orçamentos.
Iniciativa. Os gerentes de construção autônomos geram suas próprias oportunidades de negócios e devem ser proativos na busca de novos clientes. Eles muitas vezes comercializam seus serviços e oferecem empregos, e eles também devem aprender a realizar projetos especiais de melhoria de casa, como instalar telhas de mosaico, lixar pisos de madeira e casas isolantes.
Habilidades de liderança. Os gerentes de construção devem efetivamente delegar tarefas para os trabalhadores da construção civil, subcontratados e outros gerentes de nível inferior.
Habilidades de fala. Os gerentes de construção devem dar ordens claras, explicar informações complexas aos trabalhadores da construção civil e clientes e discutir detalhes técnicos com outros especialistas em construção, como arquitetos. Os gerentes de construção autônomos devem obter seus próprios projetos, por isso a necessidade de vender seus serviços para potenciais clientes é crítica.
Habilidades técnicas. Os gerentes de construção devem conhecer métodos e tecnologias de construção e devem poder interpretar contratos e desenhos técnicos.
Habilidades de gestão do tempo. Os gerentes de construção devem cumprir prazos. Eles asseguram que as fases de construção sejam concluídas a tempo, de modo que a próxima fase possa começar conforme previsto. Por exemplo, a base de um edifício não pode ser construída até que a terra seja completamente escavada.
Habilidades de escrita. Os gerentes de construção devem escrever propostas, planos e orçamentos, bem como documentar o progresso do trabalho para clientes e outros envolvidos no processo de construção.
Pagar Sobre esta seção.
Gerentes de construção.
Salários anuais médios, maio de 2016.
Nota: Todas as profissões incluem todas as ocupações na economia dos EUA.
Fonte: Departamento de Estatísticas do Trabalho dos EUA, Estatísticas do Emprego Ocupacional.
O salário médio anual para gerentes de construção foi de US $ 89.300 em maio de 2016. O salário médio é o salário pelo qual metade dos trabalhadores em uma ocupação ganhou mais do que esse montante e metade ganhou menos. Os 10% mais baixos ganharam menos de US $ 53,740, e os 10% mais altos ganharam mais de US $ 158,330.
Em maio de 2016, os salários médios anuais para gerentes de construção nas principais indústrias em que trabalhavam eram os seguintes:
Além dos salários, os gerentes de construção também podem ganhar bônus. Os ganhos deles são altamente dependentes da quantidade de negócios que eles geram.
A maioria dos gerentes de construção trabalha em tempo integral. No entanto, a necessidade de cumprir os prazos e responder a atrasos e emergências muitas vezes exige que os gerentes de construção trabalhem muitas horas adicionais. Muitos gerentes de construção também podem estar ligados as 24 horas do dia. Cerca de 1 em cada 3 gerentes de construção trabalharam mais de 40 horas por semana em 2016.
Job Outlook Sobre esta seção.
Gerentes de construção.
Variação percentual no emprego, projetada 2016-26.
Nota: Todas as profissões incluem todas as ocupações na economia dos EUA.
Fonte: U. S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment Projections program.
O emprego de gerentes de construção deverá crescer 11% entre 2016 e 2026, mais rápido do que a média para todas as profissões.
Espera-se que os gerentes de construção sejam necessários à medida que a atividade de construção geral se expande. Durante a próxima década, o crescimento da população e do negócio resultará na construção de novas residências, prédios de escritórios, lojas de varejo, hospitais, escolas, restaurantes e outras estruturas. Além disso, a necessidade de melhorar partes da infra-estrutura nacional pode estimular o crescimento do emprego, já que as estradas, as pontes e os sistemas de tubulação de esgoto são atualizados ou substituídos.
Além disso, uma crescente ênfase na modernização de edifícios para torná-los mais eficientes em termos energéticos deve criar empregos para empreiteiros gerais, que são mais propensos a gerenciar a renovação e modernização de edifícios do que supervisionar novos projetos de construção em grande escala.
Para garantir que os projetos sejam concluídos no prazo e sob o orçamento, as empresas exigem que os gerentes de construção os supervisionem. Além disso, os processos de construção e tecnologia de construção estão se tornando mais complexos, exigindo uma maior supervisão e demanda estimulante para o pessoal de gerenciamento especializado.
Perspectivas de trabalho.
Espera-se que as oportunidades de emprego para os gerentes de construção sejam boas. Especificamente, os candidatos a emprego com um diploma de bacharel em ciência da construção, gerenciamento de construção ou engenharia civil, juntamente com a experiência de construção, terão as melhores perspectivas de emprego.
Além do crescimento do emprego criando muitos novos empregos, espera-se que os gerentes de construção se aposentem ou abandonem a ocupação em números substanciais na próxima década, resultando em novas oportunidades de emprego.
O emprego de gerentes de construção, como o de muitos outros trabalhadores da construção civil, é sensível às flutuações da economia. Por um lado, os trabalhadores da indústria da construção podem experimentar períodos de desemprego quando o nível geral de construção cai. Por outro lado, os períodos de pico da atividade de construção podem produzir abundantes oportunidades de trabalho para os gerentes de construção.
FONTE: Departamento de Estatísticas do Trabalho dos EUA, Programa de Projeções de Emprego.
Dados de estado e área Sobre esta seção.
Estatísticas de emprego ocupacional (OES)
O programa de Estatísticas de Emprego Ocupacional (OES) produz estimativas de empregos e salários anualmente para mais de 800 profissões. Essas estimativas estão disponíveis para a nação como um todo, para estados individuais e para áreas metropolitanas e não metropolitanas. O (s) link (s) abaixo vão para mapas de dados OES para emprego e salários por estado e área.
Projecções Central.
As projeções de emprego ocupacional são desenvolvidas para todos os estados por meio da Informação do mercado de trabalho (LMI) ou de escritórios individuais de projeção de emprego. Todos os dados das projeções do estado estão disponíveis em projectionscentral. A informação neste site permite que o crescimento do emprego projetado para uma ocupação seja comparado entre estados ou seja comparado dentro de um estado. Além disso, os estados podem produzir projeções para áreas; existem links para sites de cada estado em que esses dados podem ser recuperados.
CareerOneStop.
CareerOneStop inclui centenas de perfis ocupacionais com dados disponíveis por área estatal e metropolitana. Existem links no menu do lado esquerdo para comparar o emprego ocupacional por salários estaduais e profissionais por área local ou área metropolitana. Existe também uma ferramenta de informações salariais para procurar salários por código postal.
Ocupações similares Sobre esta seção.
Esta tabela mostra uma lista de ocupações com funções de trabalho semelhantes às dos gerentes de construção.
Arquitetos.
Arquitetos planejam e projetam casas, fábricas, escritórios e outras estruturas.
Gerentes de Arquitetura e Engenharia.
Os gerentes de arquitetura e engenharia planejam, dirigem e coordenam atividades em empresas de arquitetura e engenharia.
Engenheiros civis.
Os engenheiros civis conceber, projetar, construir, supervisionar, operar, construir e manter projetos e sistemas de infra-estrutura no setor público e privado, incluindo estradas, edifícios, aeroportos, túneis, barragens, pontes e sistemas de abastecimento de água e esgoto.
Estimadores de custo.
Os estimadores de custos coletam e analisam dados para estimar o tempo, dinheiro, materiais e mão-de-obra necessária para fabricar um produto, construir um edifício ou prestar um serviço. Eles geralmente se especializam em um determinado produto ou indústria.
Arquitetos de paisagens.
Arquitetos paisagistas projetam parques e espaços exteriores de campi, instalações recreativas, empresas, residências particulares e outras áreas abertas.
Contatos para obter mais informações sobre esta seção.
Para obter mais informações sobre a certificação do gerente de construção, visite.
Para obter mais informações sobre gerenciamento de construção e certificação de gerente de construção, visite.
Para obter mais informações sobre programas educacionais credenciados de ciência e gestão, visite.
Citação sugerida:
Bureau of Labor Statistics, Departamento de Trabalho dos EUA, Occupational Outlook Handbook, Gerentes de Construção,
Data da última modificação: terça-feira, 30 de janeiro de 2018.
O que eles fazem.
A guia "O que eles fazem" descreve os deveres e responsabilidades típicos dos trabalhadores na profissão, incluindo quais ferramentas e equipamentos eles usam e quão perto eles são supervisionados. Esta guia também abrange diferentes tipos de especialidades ocupacionais.
Ambiente de trabalho.
A guia Ambiente de trabalho inclui o número de trabalhos ocupados na ocupação e descreve o local de trabalho, o nível de atividade física esperado e as horas típicas trabalhadas. Também pode discutir as principais indústrias que empregaram a ocupação. Esta guia também pode descrever oportunidades para trabalho a tempo parcial, quantidade e tipo de viagem necessária, qualquer equipamento de segurança que seja usado e risco de lesões que os trabalhadores possam enfrentar.
Como se tornar um.
A guia Como se tornar uma guia descreve como se preparar para um trabalho na ocupação. Esta guia pode incluir informações sobre educação, treinamento, experiência profissional, licenciamento e certificação e qualidades importantes que são necessárias ou úteis para entrar ou trabalhar na profissão.
A guia Salário descreve ganhos típicos e como os trabalhadores na ocupação são remunerados - salários anuais, salários por hora, comissões, dicas ou bônus. Dentro de cada ocupação, os ganhos variam de acordo com a experiência, responsabilidade, desempenho, posse e área geográfica. Para a maioria dos perfis, esta guia tem uma tabela com salários nas principais indústrias que empregam a ocupação. Não inclui o pagamento de trabalhadores independentes, trabalhadores agrícolas ou trabalhadores em agregados familiares privados porque estes dados não são recolhidos pelo inquérito das Estatísticas de Emprego Ocupacional (OES), fonte de dados salariais da BLS no OOH.
Estado & # 38; Dados da área.
A guia Dados do estado e área fornece links para dados ocupacionais do estado e da área do programa de Estatísticas de Emprego Ocupacional (OES), dados das projeções estaduais da Central de Projeções e informações ocupacionais do CareerOneStop do Departamento de Trabalho.
Job Outlook.
A guia Job Outlook descreve os fatores que afetam o crescimento do emprego ou o declínio na ocupação e, em alguns casos, descreve a relação entre o número de candidatos a emprego eo número de apostas.
Ocupações similares.
A guia "Ocupações semelhantes" descreve as profissões que compartilham tarefas, habilidades, interesses, educação ou treinamento semelhantes com a ocupação coberta no perfil.
Contatos para mais informações.
A guia Mais informações fornece os endereços da Internet de associações, agências governamentais, sindicatos e outras organizações que podem fornecer informações adicionais sobre a ocupação. Esta guia também inclui links para informações ocupacionais relevantes da Rede de Informações Ocupacionais (O * NET).
Pagina mediana de 2016.
O salário em que metade dos trabalhadores na ocupação ganhou mais do que esse montante e metade ganhou menos. Os dados salariais médios são da pesquisa BLS Occupational Employment Statistics. Em maio de 2016, o salário médio anual para todos os trabalhadores era de US $ 37.040.
Treinamento no local de trabalho.
Treinamento adicional necessário (postemployment) para atingir a competência nas habilidades necessárias nesta ocupação.
Educação de nível básico.
Nível de educação típico que a maioria dos trabalhadores precisa para entrar nesta profissão.
Experiência profissional em uma ocupação relacionada.
Experiência de trabalho comumente considerada necessária pelos empregadores, ou é um substituto geralmente aceito para tipos mais formais de treinamento ou educação.
Número de Empregos, 2016.
O emprego, ou tamanho, desta ocupação em 2016, que é o ano base das projeções de emprego 2016-26.
Job Outlook, 2016-26.
A porcentagem de mudança percentual no emprego de 2016 a 2026. A taxa média de crescimento para todas as ocupações é de 7%.
Mudança de Emprego, 2016-26.
A mudança numérica projetada no emprego de 2016 a 2026.
Educação de nível básico.
Nível de educação típico que a maioria dos trabalhadores precisa para entrar nesta profissão.
Treinamento no local de trabalho.
Treinamento adicional necessário (postemployment) para atingir a competência nas habilidades necessárias nesta ocupação.
Mudança de Emprego, projetada 2016-26.
A mudança numérica projetada no emprego de 2016 a 2026.
Taxa de crescimento (projetada)
A porcentagem de mudança de emprego para cada ocupação de 2016 a 2026.
Número projetado de novos empregos.
A mudança numérica projetada no emprego de 2016 a 2026.
Taxa de crescimento projetada.
A porcentagem de mudança percentual no emprego de 2016 a 2026.
Pagina mediana de 2016.
O salário em que metade dos trabalhadores na ocupação ganhou mais do que esse montante e metade ganhou menos. Os dados salariais médios são da pesquisa BLS Occupational Employment Statistics. Em maio de 2016, o salário médio anual para todos os trabalhadores era de US $ 37.040.

Sistema de qualificação de trabalho para trades e mão-de-obra profissional
O OOH pode ajudá-lo a encontrar informações de carreira em tarefas, educação e treinamento, pagamento e perspectivas para centenas de ocupações.
GRUPOS DE OCUPAÇÃO.
SELECIONE OCUPAÇÕES POR.
OCUPAÇÃO DESTINADA.
Funeral Service Workers.
Os funcionários do serviço funerário organizam e gerenciam os detalhes de um funeral.
Os subscritores de seguros decidem se devem fornecer seguro e em que termos. Eles avaliam os pedidos de seguro e determinam os montantes da cobertura e os prêmios.
Cientistas de pesquisa em informática e informação.
Investigadores de informática e de informação inventam e criam novas abordagens para a tecnologia de computação e encontram usos inovadores para a tecnologia existente. Eles estudam e resolvem problemas complexos em computação para negócios, medicina, ciência e outros campos.
Matemáticos e estatísticos.
Matemáticos e estatísticos analisam dados e aplicam técnicas matemáticas e estatísticas para ajudar a resolver problemas reais em negócios, engenharia, saúde ou outros campos.
Cientistas Atmosféricos, Incluindo Meteorologistas.
Cientistas atmosféricos estudam o clima e o clima e examinam como essas condições afetam a atividade humana e a Terra em geral.
Os economistas estudam a produção e distribuição de recursos, bens e serviços coletando e analisando dados, pesquisando tendências e avaliando questões econômicas.
Educadores de saúde e agentes comunitários de saúde.
Educadores de saúde ensinam as pessoas sobre comportamentos que promovem o bem-estar. Eles desenvolvem e implementam estratégias para melhorar a saúde de indivíduos e comunidades. Os profissionais comunitários de saúde coletam dados e discutem questões de saúde com membros de populações ou comunidades específicas.
Os repórteres do tribunal criam transcrições de palavra por palavra em julgamentos, deposições e outros processos legais. Alguns repórteres do tribunal fornecem legendas para a televisão e tradução em tempo real para pessoas surdas ou com dificuldade em eventos públicos, reuniões de negócios ou em salas de aula.
Dietistas e nutricionistas.
Dietistas e nutricionistas são especialistas no uso de alimentos e nutrição para promover a saúde e gerenciar doenças. Eles aconselham as pessoas sobre o que comer, a fim de levar um estilo de vida saudável ou alcançar um objetivo específico relacionado à saúde.
Os audiologistas diagnosticam, gerenciam e tratam os problemas de audição, equilíbrio ou ouvido de um paciente.
Os agentes de viagens vendem atividades de transporte, hospedagem e entretenimento para indivíduos e grupos que planejam viagens. Eles oferecem conselhos sobre destinos, planejam itinerários de viagem e fazem arranjos de viagem para clientes.
Os eletricistas instalam, mantêm e reparam sistemas de energia elétrica, comunicações, iluminação e controle em lares, empresas e fábricas.
Gerentes de Publicidade, Promoções e Marketing.
Gerentes de publicidade, promoções e marketing planejam programas para gerar interesse em produtos ou serviços. Eles trabalham com diretores de arte, agentes de vendas e funcionários financeiros.
Equipe de vendas diretas dos gerentes de vendas. Eles estabelecem metas de vendas, analisam dados e desenvolvem programas de treinamento para representantes de vendas de organizações.
Gerentes de Serviços Administrativos.
Os gerentes de serviços administrativos planejam, direcionam e coordenam os serviços de apoio de uma organização. Suas responsabilidades específicas variam, mas os gerentes de serviços administrativos geralmente mantêm instalações e supervisionam atividades que incluem manutenção de registros, distribuição de correio e manutenção de escritório.
Gerentes de sistemas de informática e de informação.
Gerentes de sistemas de informática e de informação, muitas vezes chamados de gerentes de tecnologia da informação (TI) ou gerentes de projetos de TI, planejam, coordenam e dirigem atividades relacionadas a computadores em uma organização. Eles ajudam a determinar os objetivos de tecnologia da informação de uma organização e são responsáveis ​​pela implementação de sistemas informáticos para atingir esses objetivos.
Os gerentes financeiros são responsáveis ​​pela saúde financeira de uma organização. Eles produzem relatórios financeiros, atividades de investimento direto e desenvolvem estratégias e planos para os objetivos financeiros de longo prazo de sua organização.
Gerentes de Compensação e Benefícios.
Os gerentes de remuneração planejam, desenvolvem e supervisionam programas para determinar quanto uma organização paga seus funcionários e como os funcionários são pagos. Os gestores de benefícios planejam, direcionam e coordenam planos de aposentadoria, seguro de saúde e outros benefícios que uma organização oferece aos seus funcionários.
Gerentes de Treinamento e Desenvolvimento.
Os gerentes de treinamento e desenvolvimento supervisionam a equipe e planejam, dirigem e coordenam programas para aprimorar os conhecimentos e as habilidades dos funcionários de uma organização.
Gerentes de recursos humanos.
Os gerentes de recursos humanos planejam, direcionam e coordenam as funções administrativas de uma organização. Eles supervisionam o recrutamento, entrevistas e contratação de novos funcionários; consulte os principais executivos no planejamento estratégico; e servir como um link entre a gerência de uma organização e seus funcionários.
Gerentes de Produção Industrial.
Os gerentes de produção industrial supervisionam as operações diárias de fabricação e plantas relacionadas. Eles coordenam, planejam e direcionam as atividades usadas para criar uma ampla gama de produtos, como carros, equipamentos de informática ou produtos de papel.
Fazendeiros, fazendeiros e outros gerentes agrícolas.
Fazendeiros, fazendeiros e outros gerentes agrícolas operam estabelecimentos que produzem culturas, pecuária e produtos lácteos.
Construction managers plan, coordinate, budget, and supervise construction projects from start to finish.
Preschool and Childcare Center Directors.
Preschool and childcare center directors supervise and lead their staffs, design program plans, oversee daily activities, and prepare budgets. They are responsible for all aspects of their center’s program.
Elementary, Middle, and High School Principals.
Elementary, middle, and high school principals manage all school operations, including daily school activities. They coordinate curriculums, oversee teachers and other school staff, and provide a safe and productive learning environment for students.
Postsecondary Education Administrators.
Postsecondary education administrators oversee student services, academics, and faculty research at colleges and universities. Their job duties vary depending on the area of the college they manage, such as admissions, student life, or the registrar’s office.
Architectural and Engineering Managers.
Architectural and engineering managers plan, direct, and coordinate activities in architectural and engineering companies.
Food Service Managers.
Food service managers are responsible for the daily operation of restaurants or other establishments that prepare and serve food and beverages. They direct staff to ensure that customers are satisfied with their dining experience, and they manage the business to ensure that it is profitable.
Lodging managers ensure that guests on vacation or business travel have a pleasant experience at a hotel, motel, or other types of establishment with accommodations. They also ensure that the establishment is run efficiently and profitably.
Medical and Health Services Managers.
Medical and health services managers, also called healthcare executives or healthcare administrators, plan, direct, and coordinate medical and health services. They might manage an entire facility, a specific clinical area or department, or a medical practice for a group of physicians. Medical and health services managers must direct changes that conform to changes in healthcare laws, regulations, and technology.
Natural Sciences Managers.
Natural sciences managers supervise the work of scientists, including chemists, physicists, and biologists. They direct activities related to research and development, and coordinate activities such as testing, quality control, and production.
Property, Real Estate, and Community Association Managers.
Property, real estate, and community association managers take care of the many aspects of residential, commercial, or industrial properties. They make sure the property is well maintained, has a nice appearance, and preserves its resale or leasing value.
Social and Community Service Managers.
Social and community service managers coordinate and supervise social service programs and community organizations. They manage workers who provide social services to the public.
Top executives devise strategies and policies to ensure that an organization meets its goals. They plan, direct, and coordinate operational activities of companies and organizations.
Claims Adjusters, Appraisers, Examiners, and Investigators.
Claims adjusters, appraisers, examiners, and investigators evaluate insurance claims. They decide whether an insurance company must pay a claim, and if so, how much.
Cost estimators collect and analyze data in order to estimate the time, money, materials, and labor required to manufacture a product, construct a building, or provide a service. They generally specialize in a particular product or industry.
Human Resources Specialists.
Human resources specialists recruit, screen, interview, and place workers. They often handle other human resources work, such as those related to employee relations, compensation and benefits, and training.
Management analysts, often called management consultants, propose ways to improve an organization’s efficiency. They advise managers on how to make organizations more profitable through reduced costs and increased revenues.
Meeting, Convention, and Event Planners.
Meeting, convention, and event planners coordinate all aspects of events and professional meetings. They arrange meeting locations, transportation, and other details.
Accountants and Auditors.
Accountants and auditors prepare and examine financial records. They ensure that financial records are accurate and that taxes are paid properly and on time. Accountants and auditors assess financial operations and work to help ensure that organizations run efficiently.
Appraisers and Assessors of Real Estate.
Appraisers and assessors of real estate provide a value estimate on land and buildings usually before they are sold, mortgaged, taxed, insured, or developed.
Budget analysts help public and private institutions organize their finances. They prepare budget reports and monitor institutional spending.
Financial analysts provide guidance to businesses and individuals making investment decisions. They assess the performance of stocks, bonds, and other types of investments.
Personal Financial Advisors.
Personal financial advisors provide advice on investments, insurance, mortgages, college savings, estate planning, taxes, and retirement to help individuals manage their finances.
Financial examiners ensure compliance with laws governing financial institutions and transactions. They review balance sheets, evaluate the risk level of loans, and assess bank management.
Loan officers evaluate, authorize, or recommend approval of loan applications for people and businesses.
Tax Examiners and Collectors, and Revenue Agents.
Tax examiners and collectors, and revenue agents determine how much is owed in taxes and collect tax from individuals and businesses on behalf of federal, state, and local governments. They review tax returns, conduct audits, identify taxes owed, and collect overdue tax payments.
Computer programmers write and test code that allows computer applications and software programs to function properly. They turn the program designs created by software developers and engineers into instructions that a computer can follow.
Software developers are the creative minds behind computer programs. Some develop the applications that allow people to do specific tasks on a computer or another device. Others develop the underlying systems that run the devices or that control networks.
Computer Support Specialists.
Computer support specialists provide help and advice to computer users and organizations. These specialists either support computer networks or they provide technical assistance directly to computer users.
Computer Systems Analysts.
Computer systems analysts, sometimes called systems architects, study an organization’s current computer systems and procedures, and design solutions to help the organization operate more efficiently and effectively. They bring business and information technology (IT) together by understanding the needs and limitations of both.
Database administrators (DBAs) use specialized software to store and organize data, such as financial information and customer shipping records. They make sure that data are available to users and secure from unauthorized access.
Network and Computer Systems Administrators.
Computer networks are critical parts of almost every organization. Network and computer systems administrators are responsible for the day-to-day operation of these networks.
Actuaries analyze the financial costs of risk and uncertainty. They use mathematics, statistics, and financial theory to assess the risk of potential events, and they help businesses and clients develop policies that minimize the cost of that risk. Actuaries’ work is essential to the insurance industry.
Operations Research Analysts.
Operations research analysts use advanced mathematical and analytical methods to help organizations investigate complex issues, identify and solve problems, and make better decisions.
Architects plan and design houses, factories, office buildings, and other structures.
Landscape architects design parks and the outdoor spaces of campuses, recreational facilities, private homes, and other open areas.
Cartographers and Photogrammetrists.
Cartographers and photogrammetrists collect, measure, and interpret geographic information in order to create and update maps and charts for regional planning, education, emergency response, and other purposes.
Surveyors make precise measurements to determine property boundaries. They provide data relevant to the shape and contour of the Earth’s surface for engineering, mapmaking, and construction projects.
Aerospace engineers design primarily aircraft, spacecraft, satellites, and missiles. In addition, they test prototypes to make sure that they function according to design.
Biomedical engineers combine engineering principles with medical sciences to design and create equipment, devices, computer systems, and software used in healthcare.
Chemical engineers apply the principles of chemistry, biology, physics, and math to solve problems that involve the production or use of chemicals, fuel, drugs, food, and many other products. They design processes and equipment for large-scale manufacturing, plan and test production methods and byproducts treatment, and direct facility operations.
Civil engineers conceive, design, build, supervise, operate, construct, and maintain infrastructure projects and systems in the public and private sector, including roads, buildings, airports, tunnels, dams, bridges, and systems for water supply and sewage treatment.
Computer Hardware Engineers.
Computer hardware engineers research, design, develop, and test computer systems and components such as processors, circuit boards, memory devices, networks, and routers.
Electrical and Electronics Engineers.
Electrical engineers design, develop, test, and supervise the manufacturing of electrical equipment, such as electric motors, radar and navigation systems, communications systems, and power generation equipment. Electronics engineers design and develop electronic equipment, including broadcast and communications systems, such as portable music players and Global Positioning System (GPS) devices.
Environmental engineers use the principles of engineering, soil science, biology, and chemistry to develop solutions to environmental problems. They work to improve recycling, waste disposal, public health, and water and air pollution control.
Industrial engineers find ways to eliminate wastefulness in production processes. They devise efficient systems that integrate workers, machines, materials, information, and energy to make a product or provide a service.
Marine Engineers and Naval Architects.
Marine engineers and naval architects design, build, and maintain ships, from aircraft carriers to submarines and from sailboats to tankers. Marine engineers are responsible for the internal systems of a ship, such as the propulsion, electrical, refrigeration, and steering systems. Naval architects are responsible for the ship design, including the form, structure, and stability of hulls.
Materials engineers develop, process, and test materials used to create a wide range of products, from computer chips and aircraft wings to golf clubs and biomedical devices. They study the properties and structures of metals, ceramics, plastics, composites, nanomaterials (extremely small substances), and other substances in order to create new materials that meet certain mechanical, electrical, and chemical requirements.
Mechanical engineers design, develop, build, and test mechanical and thermal sensors and devices, including tools, engines, and machines.
Mining and Geological Engineers.
Mining and geological engineers design mines to safely and efficiently remove minerals such as coal and metals for use in manufacturing and utilities.
Nuclear engineers research and develop the processes, instruments, and systems used to derive benefits from nuclear energy and radiation. Many of these engineers find industrial and medical uses for radioactive materials—for example, in equipment used in medical diagnosis and treatment.
Petroleum engineers design and develop methods for extracting oil and gas from deposits below the Earth’s surface. Petroleum engineers also find new ways to extract oil and gas from older wells.
Drafters use software to convert the designs of engineers and architects into technical drawings. Most workers specialize in architectural, civil, electrical, or mechanical drafting and use technical drawings to help design everything from microchips to skyscrapers.
Civil Engineering Technicians.
Civil engineering technicians help civil engineers to plan, design, and build highways, bridges, utilities, and other infrastructure projects. They also help to plan, design, and build commercial, industrial, residential, and land development projects.
Environmental Engineering Technicians.
Environmental engineering technicians carry out the plans that environmental engineers develop. They test, operate, and, if necessary, modify equipment used to prevent or clean up environmental pollution. They may collect samples for testing, or they may work to mitigate sources of environmental pollution.
Industrial Engineering Technicians.
Industrial engineering technicians assist industrial engineers in devising efficient systems that integrate workers, machines, materials, information, and energy to make a product or provide a service. They prepare machinery and equipment layouts, plan workflows, conduct statistical production studies, and analyze production costs.
Mechanical Engineering Technicians.
Mechanical engineering technicians help mechanical engineers design, develop, test, and manufacture mechanical devices, including tools, engines, and machines. They may make sketches and rough layouts, record and analyze data, make calculations and estimates, and report their findings.
Market Research Analysts.
Market research analysts study market conditions to examine potential sales of a product or service. They help companies understand what products people want, who will buy them, and at what price.
Surveying and Mapping Technicians.
Surveying and mapping technicians collect data and make maps of the Earth&apos:s surface. Surveying technicians visit sites to take measurements of the land. Mapping technicians use geographic data to create maps. They both assist surveyors and cartographers and photogrammetrists.
Agricultural and Food Scientists.
Agricultural and food scientists research ways to improve the efficiency and safety of agricultural establishments and products.
Biochemists and Biophysicists.
Biochemists and biophysicists study the chemical and physical principles of living things and of biological processes, such as cell development, growth, heredity, and disease.
Microbiologists study microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, algae, fungi, and some types of parasites. They try to understand how these organisms live, grow, and interact with their environments.
Zoologists and Wildlife Biologists.
Zoologists and wildlife biologists study animals and other wildlife and how they interact with their ecosystems. They study the physical characteristics of animals, animal behaviors, and the impacts humans have on wildlife and natural habitats.
Epidemiologists are public health professionals who investigate patterns and causes of disease and injury in humans. They seek to reduce the risk and occurrence of negative health outcomes through research, community education, and health policy.
Medical scientists conduct research aimed at improving overall human health. They often use clinical trials and other investigative methods to reach their findings.
Physicists and Astronomers.
Physicists and astronomers study the ways in which various forms of matter and energy interact. Theoretical physicists and astronomers may study the nature of time or the origin of the universe. Some physicists design and perform experiments with sophisticated equipment such as particle accelerators, electron microscopes, and lasers.
Chemists and Materials Scientists.
Chemists and materials scientists study substances at the atomic and molecular levels and analyze the ways in which the substances interact with one another. They use their knowledge to develop new and improved products and to test the quality of manufactured goods.
Environmental Scientists and Specialists.
Environmental scientists and specialists use their knowledge of the natural sciences to protect the environment and human health. They may clean up polluted areas, advise policymakers, or work with industry to reduce waste.
Geoscientists study the physical aspects of the Earth, such as its composition, structure, and processes, to learn about its past, present, and future.
Hydrologists study how water moves across and through the Earth’s crust. They use their expertise to solve problems in the areas of water quality or availability.
Survey researchers design and conduct surveys and analyze data. Surveys are used to collect factual data, such as employment and salary information, or to ask questions in order to understand people’s opinions, preferences, beliefs, or desires.
Psychologists study cognitive, emotional, and social processes and behavior by observing, interpreting, and recording how individuals relate to one another and to their environments. They use their findings to help improve processes and behaviors.
Sociologists study society and social behavior by examining the groups, cultures, organizations, social institutions, and processes that develop when people interact and work together.
Urban and Regional Planners.
Urban and regional planners develop land use plans and programs that help create communities, accommodate population growth, and revitalize physical facilities in towns, cities, counties, and metropolitan areas.
Anthropologists and Archeologists.
Anthropologists and archeologists study the origin, development, and behavior of humans. They examine the cultures, languages, archeological remains, and physical characteristics of people in various parts of the world.
Political scientists study the origin, development, and operation of political systems. They research political ideas and analyze governments, policies, political trends, and related issues.
Biological technicians help biological and medical scientists conduct laboratory tests and experiments.
Chemical technicians use special instruments and techniques to help chemists and chemical engineers research, develop, produce, and test chemical products and processes.
Geological and Petroleum Technicians.
Geological and petroleum technicians provide support to scientists and engineers in exploring and extracting natural resources, such as minerals, oil, and natural gas.
Nuclear technicians assist physicists, engineers, and other professionals in nuclear research and nuclear energy production. They operate special equipment and monitor the levels of radiation that are produced.
Environmental Science and Protection Technicians.
Environmental science and protection technicians monitor the environment and investigate sources of pollution and contamination, including those affecting public health.
Forensic Science Technicians.
Forensic science technicians aid criminal investigations by collecting and analyzing evidence. Many technicians specialize in various types of laboratory analysis.
Substance Abuse, Behavioral Disorder, and Mental Health Counselors.
Substance abuse, behavioral disorder, and mental health counselors advise people who suffer from alcoholism, drug addiction, eating disorders, mental health issues, or other mental or behavioral problems. They provide treatment and support to help clients recover from addiction or modify problem behaviors.
School and Career Counselors.
School counselors help students develop the academic and social skills needed to succeed in school. Career counselors help people choose careers and follow a path to employment.
Marriage and Family Therapists.
Marriage and family therapists help people manage and overcome problems with family and other relationships.
Rehabilitation counselors help people with physical, mental, developmental, or emotional disabilities live independently. They work with clients to overcome or manage the personal, social, or psychological effects of disabilities on employment or independent living.
Social workers help people solve and cope with problems in their everyday lives. Clinical social workers also diagnose and treat mental, behavioral, and emotional issues.
Probation Officers and Correctional Treatment Specialists.
Probation officers and correctional treatment specialists provide social services to assist in rehabilitation of law offenders in custody or on probation or parole.
Social and Human Service Assistants.
Social and human service assistants provide client services, including support for families, in a wide variety of fields, such as psychology, rehabilitation, and social work. They assist other workers, such as social workers, and they help clients find benefits or community services.
Lawyers advise and represent individuals, businesses, and government agencies on legal issues and disputes.
Paralegals and Legal Assistants.
Paralegals and legal assistants perform a variety of tasks to support lawyers, including maintaining and organizing files, conducting legal research, and drafting documents.
Postsecondary teachers instruct students in a wide variety of academic and technical subjects beyond the high school level. They may also conduct research and publish scholarly papers and books.
Preschool teachers educate and care for children younger than age 5 who have not yet entered kindergarten. They teach language, motor, and social skills to young children.
Kindergarten and Elementary School Teachers.
Kindergarten and elementary school teachers instruct young students in basic subjects, such as math and reading, in order to prepare them for future schooling.
Middle School Teachers.
Middle school teachers educate students, typically in sixth through eighth grades. They help students build on the fundamentals they learned in elementary school and prepare them for the more difficult curriculum they will face in high school.
Career and Technical Education Teachers.
Career and technical education teachers instruct students in various technical and vocational subjects, such as auto repair, healthcare, and culinary arts. They teach academic and technical content to provide students with the skills and knowledge necessary to enter an occupation.
Special Education Teachers.
Special education teachers work with students who have a wide range of learning, mental, emotional, and physical disabilities. They adapt general education lessons and teach various subjects, such as reading, writing, and math, to students with mild and moderate disabilities. They also teach basic skills, such as literacy and communication techniques, to students with severe disabilities.
Adult Literacy and High School Equivalency Diploma Teachers.
Adult literacy and high school equivalency diploma teachers instruct adults in basic skills, such as reading, writing, and speaking English. They also help students earn their high school equivalent diploma.
Archivists, Curators, and Museum Workers.
Archivists appraise, process, catalog, and preserve permanent records and historically valuable documents. Curators oversee collections of artwork and historic items, and may conduct public service activities for an institution. Museum technicians and conservators prepare and restore objects and documents in museum collections and exhibits.
Librarians help people find information and conduct research for personal and professional use. Their job duties may change based on the type of library they work in, such as public, academic, and medical libraries.
Library Technicians and Assistants.
Library technicians and assistants help librarians with all aspects of running a library. They assist patrons, organize library materials and information, and perform clerical and administrative tasks.
Instructional coordinators oversee school curriculums and teaching standards. They develop instructional material, coordinate its implementation with teachers and principals, and assess its effectiveness.
Teacher assistants work under a teacher’s supervision to give students additional attention and instruction.
Art directors are responsible for the visual style and images in magazines, newspapers, product packaging, and movie and television productions. They create the overall design of a project and direct others who develop artwork and layouts.
Multimedia Artists and Animators.
Multimedia artists and animators create animation and visual effects for television, movies, video games, and other forms of media.
Industrial designers develop the concepts for manufactured products, such as cars, home appliances, and toys. They combine art, business, and engineering to make products that people use every day. Industrial designers consider the function, aesthetics, production costs, and usability of products when developing new product concepts.
Fashion designers create original clothing, accessories, and footwear. They sketch designs, select fabrics and patterns, and give instructions on how to make the products they design.
Floral designers, also called florists, cut and arrange live, dried, and silk flowers and greenery to make decorative displays. They also help customers select flowers, containers, ribbons, and other accessories.
Graphic designers create visual concepts, using computer software or by hand, to communicate ideas that inspire, inform, and captivate consumers. They develop the overall layout and production design for various applications such as advertisements, brochures, magazines, and corporate reports.
Interior designers make interior spaces functional, safe, and beautiful by determining space requirements and selecting decorative items, such as colors, lighting, and materials. They read blueprints and must be aware of building codes and inspection regulations, as well as universal accessibility standards.
Actors express ideas and portray characters in theater, film, television, and other performing arts media. They interpret a writer’s script to entertain or inform an audience.
Producers and Directors.
Producers and directors create motion pictures, television shows, live theater, commercials, and other performing arts productions. They interpret a writer’s script to entertain or inform an audience.
Athletes and Sports Competitors.
Athletes and sports competitors participate in organized, officiated sporting events to entertain spectators.
Coaches and Scouts.
Coaches teach amateur or professional athletes the skills they need to succeed at their sport. Scouts look for new players and evaluate their skills and likelihood for success at the college, amateur, or professional level. Many coaches also are involved in scouting.
Umpires, Referees, and Other Sports Officials.
Umpires, referees, and other sports officials preside over competitive athletic or sporting events to help maintain standards of play. They detect infractions and decide penalties according to the rules of the game.
Dancers and Choreographers.
Dancers and choreographers use dance performances to express ideas and stories. There are many types of dance, such as ballet, tango, modern dance, tap, and jazz.
Music Directors and Composers.
Music directors, also called conductors, lead orchestras and other musical groups during performances and recording sessions. Composers write and arrange original music in a variety of musical styles.
Musicians and Singers.
Musicians and singers play instruments or sing for live audiences and in recording studios.
Announcers present music, news, and sports and may provide commentary or interview guests about these or other important topics. Some act as masters of ceremonies (emcees) or disc jockeys (DJs) at weddings, parties, or clubs.
Reporters, Correspondents, and Broadcast News Analysts.
Reporters, correspondents, and broadcast news analysts inform the public about news and events happening internationally, nationally, and locally. They report the news for newspapers, magazines, websites, television, and radio.
Editors plan, review, and revise content for publication.
Technical writers, also called technical communicators, prepare instruction manuals, how-to guides, journal articles, and other supporting documents to communicate complex and technical information more easily. They also develop, gather, and disseminate technical information through an organization’s communications channels.
Writers and Authors.
Writers and authors develop written content for various types of media, including advertisements; books; magazines; movie, play, and television scripts; and blogs.
Interpreters and Translators.
Interpreters and translators convert information from one language into another language. Interpreters work in spoken or sign language; translators work in written language.
Broadcast and Sound Engineering Technicians.
Broadcast and sound engineering technicians set up, operate, and maintain the electrical equipment for radio programs, television broadcasts, concerts, sound recordings, and movies.
Photographers use their technical expertise, creativity, and composition skills to produce and preserve images that tell a story or record an event.
Film and Video Editors and Camera Operators.
Film and video editors and camera operators manipulate moving images that entertain or inform an audience.
Chiropractors treat patients with health problems of the neuromusculoskeletal system, which includes nerves, bones, muscles, ligaments, and tendons. They use spinal adjustments and manipulation, as well as other clinical interventions, to manage patients’ health concerns, such as back and neck pain.
Dentists diagnose and treat problems with patients’ teeth, gums, and related parts of the mouth. They provide advice and instruction on taking care of the teeth and gums and on diet choices that affect oral health.
Optometrists examine the eyes and other parts of the visual system. They also diagnose and treat visual problems and manage diseases, injuries, and other disorders of the eyes. They prescribe eyeglasses or contact lenses as needed.
Pharmacists dispense prescription medications to patients and offer expertise in the safe use of prescriptions. They also may conduct health and wellness screenings, provide immunizations, oversee the medications given to patients, and provide advice on healthy lifestyles.
Physicians and Surgeons.
Physicians and surgeons diagnose and treat injuries or illnesses. Physicians examine patients; take medical histories; prescribe medications; and order, perform, and interpret diagnostic tests. They counsel patients on diet, hygiene, and preventive healthcare. Surgeons operate on patients to treat injuries, such as broken bones; diseases, such as cancerous tumors; and deformities, such as cleft palates.
Physician assistants, also known as PAs, practice medicine on teams with physicians, surgeons, and other healthcare workers. They examine, diagnose, and treat patients.
Podiatrists provide medical and surgical care for people with foot, ankle, and lower leg problems. They diagnose illnesses, treat injuries, and perform surgery involving the lower extremities.
Registered nurses (RNs) provide and coordinate patient care, educate patients and the public about various health conditions, and provide advice and emotional support to patients and their family members.
Occupational therapists treat injured, ill, or disabled patients through the therapeutic use of everyday activities. They help these patients develop, recover, improve, as well as maintain the skills needed for daily living and working.
Physical therapists, sometimes called PTs, help injured or ill people improve their movement and manage their pain. These therapists are often an important part of the rehabilitation, treatment, and prevention of patients with chronic conditions, illnesses, or injuries.
Radiation therapists treat cancer and other diseases in patients by administering radiation treatments.
Recreational therapists plan, direct, and coordinate recreation-based treatment programs for people with disabilities, injuries, or illnesses. These therapists use a variety of modalities, including arts and crafts; drama, music, and dance; sports and games; aquatics; and community outings to help maintain or improve a patient’s physical, social, and emotional well-being.
Respiratory therapists care for patients who have trouble breathing—for example, from a chronic respiratory disease, such as asthma or emphysema. Their patients range from premature infants with undeveloped lungs to elderly patients who have diseased lungs. Eles também fornecem cuidados de emergência a pacientes que sofrem de ataques cardíacos, afogamentos ou choque.
Speech-language pathologists (sometimes called speech therapists) assess, diagnose, treat, and help to prevent communication and swallowing disorders in children and adults. Speech, language, and swallowing disorders result from a variety of causes, such as a stroke, brain injury, hearing loss, developmental delay, Parkinson’s disease, a cleft palate, or autism.
Veterinarians care for the health of animals and work to improve public health. They diagnose, treat, and research medical conditions and diseases of pets, livestock, and other animals.
Medical and Clinical Laboratory Technologists and Technicians.
Medical laboratory technologists (commonly known as medical laboratory scientists) and medical laboratory technicians collect samples and perform tests to analyze body fluids, tissue, and other substances.
Dental hygienists clean teeth, examine patients for signs of oral diseases such as gingivitis, and provide other preventive dental care. They also educate patients on ways to improve and maintain good oral health.
Diagnostic Medical Sonographers and Cardiovascular Technologists and Technicians, Including Vascular Technologists.
Diagnostic medical sonographers and cardiovascular technologists and technicians, including vascular technologists, also called diagnostic imaging workers, operate special imaging equipment to create images or to conduct tests. The images and test results help physicians assess and diagnose medical conditions.
Nuclear Medicine Technologists.
Nuclear medicine technologists prepare radioactive drugs and administer them to patients for imaging or therapeutic purposes.
Radiologic and MRI Technologists.
Radiologic technologists, also known as radiographers, perform diagnostic imaging examinations, such as x rays, on patients. MRI technologists operate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanners to create diagnostic images.
EMTs and Paramedics.
Emergency medical technicians (EMTs) and paramedics care for the sick or injured in emergency medical settings. People’s lives often depend on the quick reaction and competent care provided by these workers. EMTs and paramedics respond to emergency calls, performing medical services and transporting patients to medical facilities.
Pharmacy technicians help pharmacists dispense prescription medication to customers or health professionals.
Surgical technologists, also called operating room technicians, assist in surgical operations. They prepare operating rooms, arrange equipment, and help doctors during surgeries.
Veterinary Technologists and Technicians.
Veterinary technologists and technicians perform medical tests under the supervision of a licensed veterinarian to assist in diagnosing the injuries and illnesses of animals.
Licensed Practical and Licensed Vocational Nurses.
Licensed practical nurses (LPNs) and licensed vocational nurses (LVNs) provide basic nursing care. They work under the direction of registered nurses and doctors.
Medical Records and Health Information Technicians.
Medical records and health information technicians, commonly referred to as health information technicians, organize and manage health information data. They ensure its quality, accuracy, accessibility, and security in both paper and electronic systems. They use various classification systems to code and categorize patient information for insurance reimbursement purposes, for databases and registries, and to maintain patients’ medical and treatment histories.
Opticians help fit eyeglasses and contact lenses, following prescriptions from ophthalmologists and optometrists. They also help customers decide which eyeglass frames or contact lenses to buy.
Occupational Health and Safety Specialists and Technicians.
Occupational health and safety specialists and technicians collect data on and analyze many types of work environments and work procedures. Specialists inspect workplaces for adherence to regulations on safety, health, and the environment. Technicians work with specialists in conducting tests and measuring hazards to help prevent harm to workers, property, the environment, and the general public.
Athletic trainers specialize in preventing, diagnosing, and treating muscle and bone injuries and illnesses.
Home Health Aides and Personal Care Aides.
Home health aides and personal care aides help people with disabilities, chronic illnesses, or cognitive impairment by assisting in their daily living activities. They often help older adults who need assistance. In some states, home health aides may be able to give a client medication or check the client’s vital signs under the direction of a nurse or other healthcare practitioner.
Nursing Assistants and Orderlies.
Nursing assistants, sometimes called nursing aides, help provide basic care for patients in hospitals and residents of long-term care facilities, such as nursing homes. Orderlies transport patients and clean treatment areas.
Psychiatric Technicians and Aides.
Psychiatric technicians and aides care for people who have mental illness and developmental disabilities. Technicians typically provide therapeutic care and monitor their patients’ conditions. Aides help patients in their daily activities and ensure a safe, clean environment.
Occupational Therapy Assistants and Aides.
Occupational therapy assistants and aides help patients develop, recover, improve, as well as maintain the skills needed for daily living and working. Occupational therapy assistants are directly involved in providing therapy to patients; occupational therapy aides typically perform support activities. Both assistants and aides work under the direction of occupational therapists.
Physical Therapist Assistants and Aides.
Physical therapist assistants, sometimes called PTAs, and physical therapist aides work under the direction and supervision of physical therapists. They help patients who are recovering from injuries and illnesses regain movement and manage pain.
Massage therapists treat clients by using touch to manipulate the muscles and other soft tissues of the body. With their touch, therapists relieve pain, help heal injuries, improve circulation, relieve stress, increase relaxation, and aid in the general wellness of clients.
Dental assistants perform many tasks, ranging from providing patient care and taking x rays to recordkeeping and scheduling appointments. Their duties vary by state and by the dentists’ offices where they work.
Medical assistants complete administrative and clinical tasks in the offices of physicians, hospitals, and other healthcare facilities. Their duties vary with the location, specialty, and size of the practice.
Medical transcriptionists, sometimes referred to as healthcare documentation specialists, listen to voice recordings that physicians and other healthcare workers make and convert them into written reports. They also may review and edit medical documents created using speech recognition technology. Transcriptionists interpret medical terminology and abbreviations in preparing patients’ medical histories, discharge summaries, and other documents.
Firefighters control and put out fires and respond to emergencies where life, property, or the environment is at risk.
Correctional Officers and Bailiffs.
Correctional officers are responsible for overseeing individuals who have been arrested and are awaiting trial or who have been sentenced to serve time in jail or prison. Bailiffs are law enforcement officers who maintain safety and order in courtrooms.
Police and Detectives.
Police officers protect lives and property. Detectives and criminal investigators, who are sometimes called agents or special agents, gather facts and collect evidence of possible crimes.
Private Detectives and Investigators.
Private detectives and investigators search for information about legal, financial, and personal matters. They offer many services, such as verifying people’s backgrounds and statements, finding missing persons, and investigating computer crimes.
Security Guards and Gaming Surveillance Officers.
Security guards and gaming surveillance officers patrol and protect property against theft, vandalism, and other illegal activity.
Chefs and Head Cooks.
Chefs and head cooks oversee the daily food preparation at restaurants and other places where food is served. They direct kitchen staff and handle any food-related concerns.
Cooks prepare, season, and cook a wide range of foods, which may include soups, salads, entrees, and desserts.
Food Preparation Workers.
Food preparation workers perform many routine tasks under the direction of cooks, chefs, or food service managers. Food preparation workers prepare cold foods, slice meat, peel and cut vegetables, brew coffee or tea, and perform many other food service tasks.
Bartenders mix drinks and serve them directly to customers or through wait staff.
Food and Beverage Serving and Related Workers.
Food and beverage serving and related workers perform a variety of customer service, food preparation, and cleaning duties in restaurants, cafeterias, and other eating and drinking establishments.
Waiters and Waitresses.
Waiters and waitresses take orders and serve food and beverages to customers in dining establishments.
Janitors and Building Cleaners.
Janitors and building cleaners keep many types of buildings clean, orderly, and in good condition.
Pest Control Workers.
Pest control workers remove unwanted pests, such as roaches, rats, ants, bedbugs, mosquitoes, ticks and termites that infest buildings and surrounding areas.
Grounds Maintenance Workers.
Grounds maintenance workers ensure that the grounds of houses, businesses, and parks are attractive, orderly, and healthy in order to provide a pleasant outdoor environment.
Animal Care and Service Workers.
Animal care and service workers provide care for animals. They feed, groom, bathe, and exercise pets and other nonfarm animals.
Gaming Services Workers.
Gaming services workers serve customers in gambling establishments, such as casinos or racetracks. Some workers tend slot machines, deal cards, or oversee other gaming activities such as keno or bingo. Others take bets or pay out winnings. Still others supervise or manage gaming workers and operations.
Barbers, Hairstylists, and Cosmetologists.
Barbers, hairstylists, and cosmetologists provide haircutting, hairstyling, and a range of other beauty services.
Manicurists and Pedicurists.
Manicurists and pedicurists clean, shape, and beautify fingernails and toenails.
Skincare specialists cleanse and beautify the face and body to enhance a person’s appearance.
Flight attendants provide routine services and respond to emergencies to ensure the safety and comfort of airline passengers while aboard planes.
Childcare workers attend to the basic needs of children, such as dressing, bathing, feeding, and overseeing play. They may help younger children prepare for kindergarten or assist older children with homework.
Fitness Trainers and Instructors.
Fitness trainers and instructors lead, instruct, and motivate individuals or groups in exercise activities, including cardiovascular exercises (exercises for the heart and blood circulation), strength training, and stretching. They work with people of all ages and skill levels.
Recreation workers design and lead activities to help people stay active, improve fitness, and have fun. They work with groups in summer camps, fitness and recreational sports centers, nursing care facilities, nature parks, and other settings. They may lead such activities as arts and crafts, sports, music, dramatics, or games.
Cashiers process payments from customers purchasing goods and services.
Retail Sales Workers.
Retail sales workers help customers find products they want and process customers’ payments. There are two types of retail sales workers: retail salespersons, who sell retail merchandise, such as clothing, furniture, and automobiles; and parts salespersons, who sell spare and replacement parts and equipment, especially car parts.
Advertising Sales Agents.
Advertising sales agents sell advertising space to businesses and individuals. They contact potential clients, make sales presentations, and maintain client accounts.
Insurance Sales Agents.
Insurance sales agents contact potential customers and sell one or more types of insurance. Insurance sales agents explain various insurance policies and help clients choose plans that suit them.
Wholesale and Manufacturing Sales Representatives.
Wholesale and manufacturing sales representatives sell goods for wholesalers or manufacturers to businesses, government agencies, and other organizations. They contact customers, explain the features of the products they are selling, negotiate prices, and answer any questions that their customers may have about the products.
Models pose for artists, customers, or photographers to help advertise a variety of products, including clothing, cosmetics, food, and appliances.
Real Estate Brokers and Sales Agents.
Real estate brokers and sales agents help clients buy, sell, and rent properties. Although brokers and agents do similar work, brokers are licensed to manage their own real estate businesses. Sales agents must work with a real estate broker.
Sales engineers sell complex scientific and technological products or services to businesses. They must have extensive knowledge of the products’ parts and functions and must understand the scientific processes that make these products work.
Bill and Account Collectors.
Bill and account collectors try to recover payment on overdue bills. They negotiate repayment plans with debtors and help them find solutions to make paying their overdue bills easier.
Bookkeeping, Accounting, and Auditing Clerks.
Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks produce financial records for organizations. They record financial transactions, update statements, and check financial records for accuracy.
Tellers are responsible for accurately processing routine transactions at a bank. These transactions include cashing checks, depositing money, and collecting loan payments.
Representantes do Serviço ao Consumidor.
Customer service representatives interact with customers to handle complaints, process orders, and provide information about an organization’s products and services.
Receptionists perform administrative tasks, such as answering phones, receiving visitors, and providing general information about their organization to the public and customers.
Police, Fire, and Ambulance Dispatchers.
Police, fire, and ambulance dispatchers, also called public safety telecommunicators, answer emergency and nonemergency calls.
Postal Service Workers.
Postal service workers sell postal products and collect, sort, and deliver mail.
Secretaries and Administrative Assistants.
Secretaries and administrative assistants perform routine clerical and administrative duties. They organize files, prepare documents, schedule appointments, and support other staff.
Desktop publishers use computer software to design page layouts for newspapers, books, brochures, and other items that are printed or published online.
Agricultural workers maintain crops and tend to livestock. They perform physical labor and operate machinery under the supervision of farmers, ranchers, and other agricultural managers.
Fishing and Hunting Workers.
Fishing and hunting workers catch and trap various types of animal life. The fish and wild animals they catch are for human food, animal feed, bait, and other uses.
Masonry workers, also known as masons, use bricks, concrete blocks, concrete, and natural and manmade stones to build walls, walkways, fences, and other masonry structures.
Carpenters construct, repair, and install building frameworks and structures made from wood and other materials.
Flooring Installers and Tile and Marble Setters.
Flooring installers and tile and marble setters lay and finish carpet, wood, vinyl, and tile.
Construction Laborers and Helpers.
Construction laborers and helpers perform many tasks that require physical labor on construction sites.
Construction Equipment Operators.
Construction equipment operators drive, maneuver, or control the heavy machinery used to construct roads, bridges, buildings, and other structures.
Drywall and Ceiling Tile Installers, and Tapers.
Drywall and ceiling tile installers hang wallboard and install ceiling tile inside buildings. Tapers prepare the wallboard for painting, using tape and other materials. Many workers both install and tape wallboard.
Glaziers install glass in windows, skylights, and other fixtures in storefronts and buildings.
Construction and Maintenance Painters.
Painters apply paint, stain, and coatings to walls and ceilings, buildings, bridges, and other structures.
Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters.
Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters install and repair pipes that carry liquids or gases to, from, and within businesses, homes, and factories.
Roofers replace, repair, and install the roofs of buildings, using a variety of materials, including shingles, bitumen, and metal.
Ironworkers install structural and reinforcing iron and steel to form and support buildings, bridges, and roads.
Construction and Building Inspectors.
Construction and building inspectors ensure that construction meets local and national building codes and ordinances, zoning regulations, and contract specifications.
Elevator Installers and Repairers.
Elevator installers and repairers install, fix, and maintain elevators, escalators, moving walkways, and other lifts.
Hazardous Materials Removal Workers.
Hazardous materials (hazmat) removal workers identify and dispose of asbestos, lead, radioactive waste, and other hazardous materials. They also neutralize and clean up materials that are flammable, corrosive, or toxic.
Automotive Body and Glass Repairers.
Automotive body and glass repairers restore, refinish, and replace vehicle bodies and frames, windshields, and window glass.
Automotive Service Technicians and Mechanics.
Automotive service technicians and mechanics, often called service technicians or service techs, inspect, maintain, and repair cars and light trucks.
Diesel Service Technicians and Mechanics.
Diesel service technicians (also known as diesel technicians) and mechanics inspect, repair, and overhaul buses and trucks, or maintain and repair any type of diesel engine.
Small Engine Mechanics.
Small engine mechanics inspect, service, and repair motorized power equipment. Mechanics often specialize in one type of equipment, such as motorcycles, motorboats, or outdoor power equipment.
General Maintenance and Repair Workers.
General maintenance and repair workers fix and maintain machines, mechanical equipment, and buildings. They paint, repair flooring, and work on plumbing, electrical, and air-conditioning and heating systems, among other tasks.
Line Installers and Repairers.
Line installers and repairers, also known as line workers, install or repair electrical power systems and telecommunications cables, including fiber optics.
Medical Equipment Repairers.
Medical equipment repairers install, maintain, and repair patient care equipment.
Assemblers and Fabricators.
Assemblers and fabricators assemble finished products and the parts that go into them. They use tools, machines, and their hands to make engines, computers, aircraft, ships, boats, toys, electronic devices, control panels, and more.
Bakers mix ingredients according to recipes in order to make breads, pastries, and other baked goods.
Metal and Plastic Machine Workers.
Metal and plastic machine workers set up and operate machines that cut, shape, and form metal and plastic materials or pieces.
Machinists and Tool and Die Makers.
Machinists and tool and die makers set up and operate a variety of computer-controlled and mechanically controlled machine tools to produce precision metal parts, instruments, and tools.
Welders, Cutters, Solderers, and Brazers.
Welders, cutters, solderers, and brazers use hand-held or remotely controlled equipment to join or cut metal parts. They also fill holes, indentations, or seams in metal products.
Woodworkers manufacture a variety of products such as cabinets and furniture, using wood, veneers, and laminates. They often combine and incorporate different materials into wood.
Stationary Engineers and Boiler Operators.
Stationary engineers and boiler operators control stationary engines, boilers, or other mechanical equipment to provide utilities for buildings or for industrial purposes.
Quality Control Inspectors.
Quality control inspectors examine products and materials for defects or deviations from specifications.
Jewelers and Precious Stone and Metal Workers.
Jewelers and precious stone and metal workers design, construct, adjust, repair, appraise and sell jewelry.
Dental and Ophthalmic Laboratory Technicians and Medical Appliance Technicians.
Dental and ophthalmic laboratory technicians and medical appliance technicians construct, fit, or repair medical appliances and devices, including dentures, eyeglasses, and prosthetics.
Airline and Commercial Pilots.
Airline and commercial pilots fly and navigate airplanes, helicopters, and other aircraft.
Air Traffic Controllers.
Air traffic controllers coordinate the movement of aircraft to maintain safe distances between them.
Bus drivers transport people between various places—including work, school, and shopping centers—and across state or national borders. Some drive regular routes, and others transport passengers on chartered trips or sightseeing tours.
Heavy and Tractor-trailer Truck Drivers.
Heavy and tractor-trailer truck drivers transport goods from one location to another. Most tractor-trailer drivers are long-haul drivers and operate trucks with a gross vehicle weight (GVW) capacity—that is, the combined weight of the vehicle, passengers, and cargo—exceeding 26,000 pounds. These drivers deliver goods over intercity routes, sometimes spanning several states.
Taxi Drivers, Ride-Hailing Drivers, and Chauffeurs.
Taxi drivers, ride-hailing drivers, and chauffeurs transport people to and from the places they need to go, such as airports, homes, shopping centers, and workplaces. These drivers must know their way around a city to take passengers to their destinations.
Workers in railroad occupations ensure that passenger and freight trains run on time and travel safely. Some workers drive trains, some coordinate the activities of the trains, and others operate signals and switches in the rail yard.
Water Transportation Workers.
Water transportation workers operate and maintain vessels that take cargo and people over water. The vessels travel to and from foreign ports across the ocean and to domestic ports along the coasts, across the Great Lakes, and along the country’s many inland waterways.
Material Moving Machine Operators.
Material moving machine operators use machinery to transport various objects. Some operators move construction materials around building sites or excavate earth from a mine. Others move goods around a warehouse or onto container ships.
Hand Laborers and Material Movers.
Hand laborers and material movers manually move freight, stock, or other materials. Some of these workers may feed or remove material to and from machines, clean vehicles, pick up unwanted household goods, and pack materials for moving.
Purchasing Managers, Buyers, and Purchasing Agents.
Buyers and purchasing agents buy products and services for organizations to use or resell. Purchasing managers oversee the work of buyers and purchasing agents.
Logisticians analyze and coordinate an organization’s supply chain—the system that moves a product from supplier to consumer. They manage the entire life cycle of a product, which includes how a product is acquired, allocated, and delivered.
Agricultural engineers attempt to solve agricultural problems concerning power supplies, the efficiency of machinery, the use of structures and facilities, pollution and environmental issues, and the storage and processing of agricultural products.
Health and Safety Engineers.
Health and safety engineers develop procedures and design systems to protect people from illness and injury and property from damage. They combine knowledge of engineering and of health and safety to make sure that chemicals, machinery, software, furniture, and other products will not cause harm to people or damage to property.
Aerospace Engineering and Operations Technicians.
Aerospace engineering and operations technicians operate and maintain equipment used in developing, testing, producing, and sustaining new aircraft and spacecraft. Increasingly, these workers are using computer-based modeling and simulation tools and processes in their work, as well as advanced automation and robotics.
Electrical and Electronics Engineering Technicians.
Electrical and electronics engineering technicians help engineers design and develop computers, communications equipment, medical monitoring devices, navigational equipment, and other electrical and electronic equipment. They often work in product evaluation and testing, and use measuring and diagnostic devices to adjust, test, and repair equipment. They are also involved in the manufacture and deployment of equipment for automation.
Electro-mechanical technicians combine knowledge of mechanical technology with knowledge of electrical and electronic circuits. They operate, test, and maintain unmanned, automated, robotic, or electromechanical equipment.
Conservation Scientists and Foresters.
Conservation scientists and foresters manage the overall land quality of forests, parks, rangelands, and other natural resources.
Geographers study the Earth and the distribution of its land, features, and inhabitants. They also examine political or cultural structures and study the physical and human geographic characteristics of regions ranging in scale from local to global.
Historians research, analyze, interpret, and write about the past by studying historical documents and sources.
Agricultural and Food Science Technicians.
Agricultural and food science technicians assist agricultural and food scientists by performing duties such as measuring and analyzing the quality of food and agricultural products.
Craft and Fine Artists.
Craft and fine artists use a variety of materials and techniques to create art for sale and exhibition. Craft artists create handmade objects, such as pottery, glassware, textiles, and other objects that are designed to be functional. Fine artists, including painters, sculptors, and illustrators, create original works of art for their aesthetic value, rather than for a functional one.
Orthotists and Prosthetists.
Orthotists and prosthetists design and fabricate medical supportive devices and measure and fit patients for them. These devices include artificial limbs (arms, hands, legs, and feet), braces, and other medical or surgical devices.
Fire inspectors examine buildings in order to detect fire hazards and ensure that federal, state, and local fire codes are met. Fire investigators, another type of worker in this field, determine the origin and cause of fires and explosions. Forest fire inspectors and prevention specialists assess outdoor fire hazards in public and residential areas.
Financial clerks do administrative work for many types of organizations. They keep records, help customers, and carry out financial transactions.
Information clerks perform routine clerical duties such as maintaining records, collecting data, and providing information to customers.
Material Recording Clerks.
Material recording clerks track product information in order to keep businesses and supply chains on schedule. They ensure proper scheduling, recordkeeping, and inventory control.
General Office Clerks.
General office clerks perform a variety of clerical tasks, including answering telephones, typing documents, and filing records.
Forest and Conservation Workers.
Forest and conservation workers measure and improve the quality of forests. Under the supervision of foresters and forest and conservation technicians, they develop, maintain, and protect forests.
Logging workers harvest thousands of acres of forests each year. The timber they harvest provides the raw material for many consumer goods and industrial products.
Boilermakers assemble, install, maintain, and repair boilers, closed vats, and other large vessels or containers that hold liquids and gases.
Sheet Metal Workers.
Sheet metal workers fabricate or install products that are made from thin metal sheets, such as ducts used in heating and air conditioning systems.
Food and Tobacco Processing Workers.
Food and tobacco processing workers operate equipment that mixes, cooks, or processes ingredients used in the manufacture of food and tobacco products.
Painting and Coating Workers.
Painting and coating workers paint and coat a wide range of products, including cars, jewelry, and ceramics, often with the use of machines.
High School Teachers.
High school teachers help prepare students for life after graduation. They teach academic lessons and various skills that students will need to attend college and to enter the job market.
Veterinary Assistants and Laboratory Animal Caretakers.
Veterinary assistants and laboratory animal caretakers care for animals by performing routine tasks under the supervision of scientists, veterinarians, and veterinary technologists and technicians.
Securities, Commodities, and Financial Services Sales Agents.
Securities, commodities, and financial services sales agents connect buyers and sellers in financial markets. They sell securities to individuals, advise companies in search of investors, and conduct trades.
Telecommunications Equipment Installers and Repairers.
Telecommunications equipment installers and repairers, also known as telecom technicians, set up and maintain devices that carry communications signals, such as telephone lines and Internet routers.
Aircraft and Avionics Equipment Mechanics and Technicians.
Aircraft and avionics equipment mechanics and technicians repair and perform scheduled maintenance on aircraft.
Heavy Vehicle and Mobile Equipment Service Technicians.
Heavy vehicle and mobile equipment service technicians, also called mechanics, inspect, maintain, and repair vehicles and machinery used in construction, farming, rail transportation, and other industries.
Heating, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration Mechanics and Installers.
Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics and installers—often called heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and refrigeration (HVACR) technicians—work on heating, ventilation, cooling, and refrigeration systems that control the temperature and air quality in buildings.
Industrial Machinery Mechanics, Machinery Maintenance Workers, and Millwrights.
Industrial machinery mechanics and maintenance workers maintain and repair factory equipment and other industrial machinery, such as conveying systems, production machinery, and packaging equipment. Millwrights install, dismantle, repair, reassemble, and move machinery in factories, power plants, and construction sites.
Power Plant Operators, Distributors, and Dispatchers.
Power plant operators, distributors, and dispatchers control the systems that generate and distribute electric power.
Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant and System Operators.
Water and wastewater treatment plant and system operators manage a system of machines, often through the use of control boards, to transfer or treat water or wastewater.
Electrical and Electronics Installers and Repairers.
Electrical and electronics installers and repairers install or repair a variety of electrical equipment in telecommunications, transportation, utilities, and other industries.
Delivery Truck Drivers and Driver/Sales Workers.
Delivery truck drivers and driver/sales workers pick up, transport, and drop off packages and small shipments within a local region or urban area. They drive trucks with a gross vehicle weight (GVW)—the combined weight of the vehicle, passengers, and cargo—of 26,000 pounds or less. Most of the time, delivery truck drivers transport merchandise from a distribution center to businesses and households.
Members of the Armed Forces.
Members of the U. S. military service train for and perform a variety of tasks in order to maintain the U. S. national defense. Servicemembers work in occupations specific to the military, such as fighter pilots or infantrymen. Many other members work in occupations that are equivalent to civilian occupations, such as nurses, doctors, and lawyers.
Compensation, Benefits, and Job Analysis Specialists.
Compensation, benefits, and job analysis specialists conduct an organization’s compensation and benefits programs. They also evaluate position descriptions to determine details such as classification and salary.
Fundraisers organize events and campaigns to raise money and other kinds of donations for an organization. They also may design promotional materials and increase awareness of an organization’s work, goals, and financial needs.
Training and Development Specialists.
Training and development specialists help plan, conduct, and administer programs that train employees and improve their skills and knowledge.
Computer Network Architects.
Computer network architects design and build data communication networks, including local area networks (LANs), wide area networks (WANs), and Intranets. These networks range from small connections between two offices to next-generation networking capabilities such as a cloud infrastructure that serves multiple customers.
Information Security Analysts.
Information security analysts plan and carry out security measures to protect an organization’s computer networks and systems. Their responsibilities are continually expanding as the number of cyberattacks increases.
Web developers design and create websites. They are responsible for the look of the site. They are also responsible for the site’s technical aspects, such as its performance and capacity, which are measures of a website’s speed and how much traffic the site can handle. In addition, web developers may create content for the site.
Solar Photovoltaic Installers.
Solar photovoltaic (PV) installers, also known as PV installers, assemble, install, and maintain solar panel systems on rooftops or other structures.
Genetic counselors assess individual or family risk for a variety of inherited conditions, such as genetic disorders and birth defects. They provide information and support to other healthcare providers, or to individuals and families concerned with the risk of inherited conditions.
Nurse Anesthetists, Nurse Midwives, and Nurse Practitioners.
Nurse anesthetists, nurse midwives, and nurse practitioners, also referred to as advanced practice registered nurses (APRNs), coordinate patient care and may provide primary and specialty healthcare. The scope of practice varies from state to state.
Phlebotomists draw blood for tests, transfusions, research, or blood donations. Some explain their work to patients and provide assistance when patients have adverse reactions after their blood is drawn.
Wind Turbine Technicians.
Wind turbine service technicians, also known as windtechs, install, maintain, and repair wind turbines.
Arbitrators, Mediators, and Conciliators.
Arbitrators, mediators, and conciliators facilitate negotiation and dialogue between disputing parties to help resolve conflicts outside of the court system.
Emergency Management Directors.
Emergency management directors prepare plans and procedures for responding to natural disasters or other emergencies. They also help lead the response during and after emergencies, often in coordination with public safety officials, elected officials, nonprofit organizations, and government agencies.
Public Relations and Fundraising Managers.
Public relations managers plan and direct the creation of material that will maintain or enhance the public image of their employer or client. Fundraising managers coordinate campaigns that bring in donations for their organization.
Public Relations Specialists.
Public relations specialists create and maintain a favorable public image for the organization they represent. They craft media releases and develop social media programs to shape public perception of their organization and to increase awareness of its work and goals.
Butchers cut, trim, and package meat for retail sale.
Judges and Hearing Officers.
Judges and hearing officers apply the law by overseeing the legal process in courts. They also conduct pretrial hearings, resolve administrative disputes, facilitate negotiations between opposing parties, and issue legal decisions.
Insulation workers, also called insulators, install and replace the materials used to insulate buildings and their mechanical systems.
Labor Relations Specialists.
Labor relations specialists interpret and administer labor contracts regarding issues such as wages and salaries, healthcare, pensions, and union and management practices.
Exercise physiologists develop fitness and exercise programs that help patients recover from chronic diseases and improve cardiovascular function, body composition, and flexibility.
Registered nurses (RNs) provide and coordinate patient care, educate patients and the public about various health conditions, and provide advice and emotional support to patients and their family members.

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Topic Archives: Occupational Outlook Handbook.
Most Popular Items in the Occupational Outlook Handbook.
Editor’s note: This blog was corrected on January 30, 2018. For more information, see Corrected Self-Employment Estimates for 2016–26.
Interested in becoming a detective or a veterinarian or a software developer? Você não está sozinho. These occupations are among the most visited pages of the BLS Occupational Outlook Handbook, our online career information guide.
On October 24, BLS released the 2016–26 Employment Projections and incorporated these projections into updates of the Handbook, which features 325 occupational profiles. Think you know everything a doctor or a police officer does from watching reruns of “Grey’s Anatomy” or “Law and Order: SVU”? Pense de novo. The BLS profiles discuss what workers do in an occupation, the education and training needed to work in an occupation, the pay, the job outlook, and other topics.
Just over one-third of all visits to the BLS website are to the Occupational Outlook Handbook, making it our most popular product. Here is a list of the top 10 most viewed profiles over the past year.
These occupations have some characteristics in common.
Most are well known and involve contact with the public. Most require college or graduate education. All are high paying. Most are large occupations, although not all are among the fastest growing.
Most of us have some idea what workers in these occupations do. Either we come in contact with them on a regular basis (like doctors) or we see them on TV or in the movies (like lawyers). And while there haven’t been a lot of movies made about software developers, millions of people every day use many of their products, like mobile phone apps.
Many of the most popular occupations require a lot of education. Half require a doctoral or professional degree. In contrast, fewer than one in ten occupations across the economy requires that much education. Only two occupations on the list require a high school diploma.
The top ranked occupational profile, physicians and surgeons, is among the highest paid occupations. The rest of the list includes occupations that pay well above the 2016 median wage of $37,040.
Although nearly all the top ten profiles are projected to grow faster than average (7.4 percent), only physical therapists and software developers are also among the fastest growing occupations. Other than veterinarians, all employ over 100,000 workers, and four employ more than 1 million workers each.
Not interested in becoming an accountant or a psychologist? There are over 300 more occupational profiles available for you to explore.
Put Your Writing Skills to Work.
Editor’s note: This post was written by Alan Zilberman, an economist at the U. S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
There are countless ways for people to express themselves through the written word. Social media, blogs, comment boards, and even private diaries are a way to flex the writing muscle. Most writers are happy to offer their thoughts for free, but the sheer quantity of media outlets and demand for content creates opportunities in occupations that put writing skills to work.
Writing occupations communicate ideas and concepts through written language. Let’s take a closer look at some of them.
Writers and authors compose everything from novels to blog posts. They also write short stories, advertising copy, movie or TV scripts, and plays. Reporters and correspondents , also known as journalists, include workers that write articles for newspapers, magazines, or Internet publications such as online only news services. They may report the news or offer their own opinions. Editors plan, assign, and review everything from newspaper articles to novels. They review writing for syntax, spelling, and “bigger picture” concerns like style and storytelling.
All of these occupations are projected to have job openings in 2024, and all typically require a bachelor’s degree for entry, usually in English, journalism, or communications.
Reporters and correspondents.
Writers and authors.
About two-thirds of writers and authors were self-employed in 2014, as were about 1 in 6 editors and reporters and correspondents. Most wage and salary workers in these occupations work in publishing industries, such as magazines, newspapers, or book publishers. People who write and edit for a living can often do so from their homes.
Median annual wages for these occupations ranged from $61,240 for writers and authors, to $57,210 for editors, to $37,820 for reporters and correspondents. (Wages are for May 2016. These wages do not include self-employed workers.) Wages for reporters and correspondents are much higher in metropolitan areas where many publishers are based, such as the New York and Washington, DC, metropolitan areas.
In order to get their work published, a writer or journalist typically proposes an assignment, also known as a “pitch,” to the appropriate editor. Editors are the gatekeepers for the outlets where they work; they read pitches, decide which ones are best for their readers, and approve them accordingly. Editors also take a writer’s initial draft and improve it so it is clearer and more evocative. By researching what editors want, writers can develop a portfolio of their “clips,” which will then increase their chances to build their writing careers. A newer alternative for writers and journalists to get their work published is to self-publish on the Internet, such as in a blog or in an e-book marketplace. If a blog or e-book gains enough attention or popularity, self-published writers could transition into more lucrative writing deals.
Explore all of these occupations and many more in the Occupational Outlook Handbook.
The Growing Need for Eldercare Workers.
Editor’s note: The following has been cross-posted from the U. S. Department of Labor blog. The writer is Emily Rolen , an economist at the U. S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Tens of millions of babies were born in the United States between 1946 and 1964, and by 2024, nearly 70 million people will be between the ages of 60 and 78. People age 65 and older are projected to make up 23 percent of the civilian noninstitutional population in 2024, up from 18.1 percent in 2014 and 15.5 percent in 2004. As the population ages, they’ll need more workers to care for them in nursing care facilities, retirement communities, or at home.
As a result, occupations related to eldercare are projected to be among the fastest growing in the economy over the next decade. In fact, home health aides, personal care aides, registered nurses, nursing assistants and LPNs/LVNs are projected to add more than 1.6 million new jobs by 2024, or about 1 in 6 new jobs added to the economy. Let’s take a closer look at some of these jobs.
Home health aides and personal care aides help older adults, as well as people with disabilities or cognitive impairment, with self-care and everyday tasks like bathing, housekeeping and meal preparation. Home health aides also provide basic health-related services, such as checking vital signs or administering prescribed medications. However, personal care aides cannot provide any medical services. Both occupations work in clients’ homes, long-term care settings, and residential care communities.
Home health aides and personal care aides typically do not need formal education, but most have a high school diploma or equivalent. Both learn their jobs through a brief period of on-the-job training. Home health aides are projected to be the fifth-fastest growing occupation between 2014 and 2024, with more than 348,000 new jobs. Personal care aides are projected to add more than 458,000 new jobs between 2014 and 2024, more than any other occupation.
Nursing assistants and licensed practical nurses and licensed vocational nurses work primarily in nursing homes and in hospitals, where they provide basic care. They help patients with activities of daily living, such as bathing, using the toilet and getting dressed. Nursing assistants and LPNs/LVNs listen to their patients, record health concerns and report that information to registered nurses and doctors. Depending on their work setting and the state in which they work, LPNs/LVNs may be allowed to perform additional tasks such as giving medication, starting intravenous drips, or doing routine laboratory tests.
Nursing assistants and LPNs/LVNs typically need a postsecondary nondegree award to enter the occupation. LPNs/LVNs must also have a license. The economy is projected to add 262,000 new nursing assistant jobs by 2024, and LPNs/LVNs are projected to increase by more than 117,000.
Registered nurses, the largest healthcare occupation, provide and coordinate medical care. In 2014 more than 3 in 5 RNs worked in hospitals. They observe patients, help perform diagnostic tests and analyze the results, and set up plans for patients’ care. Some registered nurses oversee licensed practical nurses, nursing assistants, and home health aides.
RNs are projected to add 439,300 by 2024, the largest increase after personal care aides. RNs usually take one of three education paths: a Bachelor of Science in Nursing degree, an associate’s degree in nursing, or a diploma from an approved nursing program.
Quer saber mais? Explore these occupations and many more in the Occupational Outlook Handbook.
Some Interesting Numbers about the Oscars.
The annual Academy Awards ceremony was held Sunday, February 26, to recognize excellence in cinematic achievements in the U. S. film industry. Impress your friends with these facts we’ve gathered about the Oscars and the motion picture business.
This year’s Oscar for Best Picture went to La La Land Moonlight.
Not all actors reach the top, but lots are trying: Actors in the U. S. can be found coast to coast with a total employment of 50,570. Almost one-third, or about 14,560, work in the greater Los Angeles metro area alone. Employment of actors is projected to grow 10 percent from 2014 to 2024, faster than the average for all occupations.
Walt Disney is the most Oscar-nominated person ever with 59 nominations.
Walt may be gone, but his legacy lives on: Today there are 30,240 multimedia artists and animators employed in the U. S. California employs about a third (10,110) with half of those in the greater Los Angeles area (5,830). Employment of multimedia artists and animators is projected to grow 6 percent from 2014 to 2024, about as fast as the average for all occupations.
Since 1945, the accounting firm Price Waterhouse (now called PricewaterhouseCoopers) has tabulated the Oscar ballots to ensure the secrecy of the results.
There are a total of 1,226,910 accountants in the United States, and California again has the largest employment with 144,540. Employment of accountants and auditors is projected to grow 11 percent from 2014 to 2024.
Oscar weekend is a boon to the beauty industry: Before walking down the red carpet, many use the services of a hairstylist – and house calls reportedly start at $500.
Nationwide, 348,010 hairstylists are employed. The five states with the most are California (26,340), New York (25,420), Pennsylvania (24,210), Florida (23,840) and Texas (22,050). The metropolitan area with the most hairstylists is New York-Jersey City-White Plains, NY-NJ, with 20,790. Employment of barbers, hairdressers, and cosmetologists is projected to grow 10 percent from 2014 to 2024.
The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences identified 336 feature films eligible for the 2016 Academy Awards.
In the US, the motion picture and video industries employ 388,538 people within 26,315 establishments. You can learn more about employment and wages in the movie business from the February 27 edition of The Economics Daily.
The first Academy Awards ceremony was on May 16, 1929, at the Roosevelt Hotel’s Blossom Room with 270 attendees. The price of admission was $5, which included a broiled chicken dinner.
The Oscar statuette is 13.5 inches tall and weighs 8.5 pounds. A New York foundry casts them in bronze before they receive a 24-karat gold finish.
Workers who make these kinds of items are part of a small industry, known as “other nonferrous foundries, excluding die-casting,” with only 12,372 employees nationwide. About half are employed in three states: Michigan, Oregon and Ohio. Employment in the foundries industry is projected to decrease by about 17 percent from 2014 to 2024.
After the Oscars ceremony, you may be inspired to go to a movie. But did you know how much these prices have changed over the last 10 years?
Admission to movies, theaters and concerts is up 21 percent, carbonated drinks are up 19 percent, and candy and chewing gum are up 28 percent. We don’t track popcorn — sorry!
Editor’s note: Oscar-specific facts are from the official Oscars website, unless another source is provided.
Shape the Future with a Teaching Career.
Editor’s note: The following has been cross-posted from the U. S. Department of Labor blog. The writer is Allen Chen, an economist at the U. S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. This blog post was adapted from a Career Outlook article by Dennis Vilorio, an economist formerly employed by BLS.
If you dream of inspiring the minds of the future, consider teaching. Teachers give students the knowledge and tools to succeed both in school and beyond the classroom. It’s a smart career choice, too: Most teaching jobs pay above the median for all occupations ($36,200), and BLS projects there will be more than 2 million job openings between 2014 and 2024 for teachers at all levels.
Types of teachers.
Preschool and K-12 teachers: These teachers are often generalists in lower grades but specialize in certain subjects in higher grades. Postsecondary teachers : Commonly referred to as professors or instructors, these teachers work in community colleges, universities, technical and trade schools, and other institutions of higher learning. Besides instructing students, they conduct research and publish academic papers and books. Special education and other teachers: These teachers work with children and adult students who have special needs, who want remedial help, or who need literacy instruction.
A day in the life.
Teachers might be envied for the summer and holiday breaks they get, but the data show that they put in long hours preparing for their students. Many work on the weekends and outside the classroom after school by sponsoring student clubs or chaperoning events.
Some teachers are with the same students all day; others have a few classes throughout the day with different students. Many teachers say that challenges with classroom management, workload, and bureaucratic oversight are the most frustrating elements of the job. But they say the most satisfying parts are watching students learn, the variety each day brings, and working with supportive colleagues.
Editor’s note: A text-only version of the graphic is below. The data are restricted to days that people who described their main job as being a teacher and reported doing at least one minute of work for their main job. Holidays are excluded from the data.
Pelo número.
BLS data show variation in employment, projected job openings, and wages among teaching occupations. Wages also vary based on grade level and geographic location, but nearly all teaching jobs had median annual wages that were higher than the $36,200 median annual wage for all occupations in May 2015.
Editor’s note: A text-only version of the graphic is below. Job openings are from employment growth and the need to replace workers who leave the occupation. The “other” category includes adult basic and secondary education and literacy teachers and instructors, self-enrichment education teachers, and miscellaneous teachers and instructors.
Becoming a teacher.
Before leading your own classroom, you’ll have to learn to be a teacher. The skills, education, and other qualifications to be eligible vary widely — one good resource for finding requirements in your state is teacher.
For example, preschool teachers typically must have an associate’s degree, kindergarten through secondary teachers usually require a bachelor’s degree, and postsecondary teachers generally need a doctoral degree or a master’s degree in their field. None of the occupations typically require work experience in a related occupation for entry-level employment, but an internship or residency may be necessary as part of on-the-job training. And teachers in public schools usually need certification or a license.
There are plenty of ways to help shape the future, one mind at a time. Which path will you choose?

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Handbook X 118C Job Qualification System For Trades And Labor Occupations.
Handbook X 118C Job Qualification System For Trades And Labor Occupations.
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Federal Qualification Standards.
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Page updated 10/12/2017.
Federal Government Jobs / Civil Service Jobs / Qualification Standards.
Use this information to explore occupations of interest and to determine the qualifications necessary for all pay grades within each job series. The qualification standards also help federal employees explore opportunities to meet their Individual Development Plan's (IDPs) short and long term career goals.
The General Schedule and Wage Grade Qualification Standards are linked direct to the Office of Personnel Management's (OPMs) web site for the most up-to-date information available. Hundreds of occupations are classified under Group Standards. Groups standards are listed for each major occupational group if applicable. For example, you will find group standards for Engineering positions, administrative & management, and all other occupations here.
Classification Standards Menu.
General Schedule (GS) Occupational Group.
Use the following table to like direct to the official published standards by OPM. If you are looking for the standard for the GS-343 for example, first click on the 0300 listing on this table. You will be linked direct to the entire 0300 family listing that includes the GS-0343 standard.
If a series is not included in this list, we have not issued a specific classification standard for that series. Documents on the Classifying White Collar Positions webpage provide series definitions and guidance on classifying positions in series with no published standard.
Miscellaneous Occupations Group.
Social Science, Psychology, and Welfare Group.
Human Resources Management Group.
General Administrative, Clerical, and Office Services Group.
Natural Resources Management and Biological Sciences Group.
Accounting and Budget Group.
Medical, Hospital, Dental, and Public Health Group.
Veterinary Medical Science Group.
Engineering and Architecture Group.
Legal and Kindred Group.
Information and Arts Group.
Business and Industry Group.
Copyright, Patent, and Trademark Group.
Physical Sciences Group.
Library and Archives Group.
Mathematics and Statistics Group.
Equipment, Facilities, and Services Group.
Inspection, Investigation, Enforcement, and Compliance Group.
Quality Assurance, Inspection, and Grading Group.
Information Technology Group.
Wage Grade (WG) Classification Standards.
Use the following table to link direct to the official published standards by OPM. If you are looking for the standard for the WG-2606 Electronic Industrial Controls Mechanic for example, first click on the 2600 listing on this table. You will be linked direct to the entire 2600 family listing that includes the WG-2606 standard.
If a series is not included in this list, a specific job grading standard for that series has not been issued. Documents on the Classifying Trades, Craft, and Labor Positions webpage provide series definitions and guidance on classifying jobs in series with no published standard.
Wire Communications Equipment Installation and Maintenance Group.
Electronic Equipment Installation and Maintenance Group.
Electrical Installation and Maintenance Group.
Fabric and Leather Work Group.
Instrument Work Group.
Machine Tool Work Group.
General Services and Support Work Group.
Structural and Finishing Work Group.
Metal Processing Group.
Metal Work Group.
Motion Picture, Radio, Television, and Sound Equipment Operating Group.
Painting and Paperhanging Group.
Plumbing and Pipefitting Group.
Pliable Materials Work Group.
Wood Work Group.
General Maintenance and Operations Work Group.
General Equipment Maintenance Group.
Plant and Animal Work Group.
Miscellaneous Occupations Group.
Industrial Equipment Maintenance Group.
Industrial Equipment Operation Group.
Transportation/Mobile Equipment Operation Group.
Transportation/Mobile Equipment Maintenance Group.
Ammunition, Explosives, and Toxic Materials Work Group.
Armament Work Group.
Warehousing and Stock Handling Group.
Packing and Processing Group.
Laundry, Dry Cleaning, and Pressing Group.
Food Preparation and Serving Group.
Personal Services Group.
Fluid Systems Maintenance Group.
Engine Overhaul Group.
Aircraft Overhaul Group.
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